NDM-1 In Europe and the UK

NDM-1 In Europe and the UK

Apparently, NDM-1 is already entrenched in the UK and perhaps in several other nations in the European Union. In the UK the National Health Service is preparing for a large number of cases.

  • Influenza and Community-acquired Pneumonia Interactions: The Impact of Order and Time of Infection on Population Patterns - Discoveries made during the 1918 influenza A pandemic and reports of severe disease associated with coinfection during the 2009 hemagglutinin type 1 and neuraminidase type 1 (commonly known as H1N1 or swine flu) pandemic have renewed interest in the role of coinfection in disease pathogenesis. The authors assessed how various timings of coinfection with influenza virus and pneumonia-causing bacteria could affect the severity of illness at multiple levels of interaction, including the biologic and population levels. Animal studies most strongly support a single pathway of coinfection with influenza inoculation occurring approximately 7 days before inoculation with Streptococcus pneumoniae, but less-examined pathways of infection also may be important for human disease. The authors discussed...

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  • Bird flu virus reports to stay secret - Two studies into deadly mutation of H5N1 virus will be published only after experts assess risks, says World Health OrganisationTwo studies showing how scientists mutated the H5N1 bird flu virus into a form that could cause a deadly human pandemic will be published only after experts fully assess the risks, the World Health Organisation (WHO) said on Friday.Speaking after a meeting of flu experts and US security officials in Geneva, a WHO spokesman said an agreement had been reached to keep details of the controversial work secret until deeper risk analyses have been carried out.The WHO called the meeting to break a deadlock between scientists who studied the mutations needed to make H5N1 bird flu transmit between mammals, and the US National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (Nsabb )...
  • Transmission of influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic viruses in Australian swine - Conclusions  This is the first report of swine infected with influenza in Australia and marked the end of the influenza‐free era for the Australian swine industry. Although no reassortment was detected in these cases, the ability of these viruses to cross between pigs and humans highlights the importance of monitoring swine for novel influenza infections. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)
  • Seroprevalence study of antibodies against influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus after the second pandemic wave in Slovenia. - CONCLUSIONS: High seroprevalence to pandemic influenza has been found in all age groups regardless of the absence of clinical picture compatible with acute respiratory infection. Previous vaccinations with seasonal influenza vaccines had no impact on serological response to the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus. PMID: 22327938 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift)
  • Cross-reactive antibody to swine influenza A(H3N2) subtype virus in children and adults before and after immunisation with 2010/11 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Canada, August to November 2010. - Authors: Skowronski D, De Serres G, Janjua N, Gardy J, Gilca V, Dionne M, Hamelin M, Rheaume C, Boivin G PMID: 22297136 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Euro Surveill)

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